María de los Ángeles Alvariño González was a pioneering Spanish biologist and oceanographer who was an authority on plankton biology. she is being honored with a google doodle on October 3, 2021, on what would have been her 105th birthday. Angeles Alvariño passed away on May 29, 2005 in La Jolla, California.
“Today’s doodle celebrates the 105th birthday of Hispanic-American professor and marine research biologist dr. María de los Ángeles Alvariño González, considered one of the most important Spanish scientists of all time”, says Google on its doodle blog. “In 1953, the British council awarded Ángeles Alvariño a scholarship that made her the first woman to work as a scientist aboard a British research vessel.”
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google added: “after several expeditions, she furthered her studies in the united states, where she retired as one of the world’s most prestigious marine biologists in 1987.”
This is what you need to know about María de los Ángeles Alvariño González:
1. María de los Ángeles Alvariño González was born on October 3, 1916 in Ferrol, Spain
maria de los angeles alvariño gonzález was born on october 3, 1916 in serantes, a “small coastal town on the galician coast of northern spain” that is part of the city of ferrol, spain, according to the blog page of googledoodle. she was the daughter of dr. Antonio Alvariño Grimaldos, who practiced medicine, and Maria del Carmen González Diaz-Saavedra, according to “Notable Hispanic American Women: Book II” by Gale Research.
According to the biography, Ángeles Alvariño was interested in science from a very young age and read her father’s research books. The Smithsonian’s Ocean Page wrote: “Alvariño grew up wanting to be a doctor like his father, an ambition he discouraged.”
he attended conception arenal in ferrol and graduated from the university of santiago de compostela in 1933. he studied various subjects, saying in an interview, “creativity and imagination are the basic ingredients for the scientist, as in the arts, because science is an art”, according to notable biographies.
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He studied natural sciences at the Complutense University of Madrid, but his work was interrupted by the Spanish Civil War. He married Eugenio Leira Manso in 1940 and later they had a daughter, Maria de los Angeles Leira Alvariño, who would become an architect in the United States, according to a biography from the Galician Council of Culture. He completed his studies at the University of Madrid in 1941, after the civil war.
2. Ángeles Alvariño was a teacher & she worked as a researcher, but the law prevented her from boarding ships of the Spanish navy
after finishing her studies in natural sciences in madrid, she and her husband returned to their hometown of ferrol where she became a teacher teaching biology, zoology, botany and geology, according to the galician culture council. Her family returned to Madrid in 1948 so that she could work as a researcher at the. marine fisheries department, but her career was hampered by an outdated law.
according to the smithsonian, “at the time, there was still a law on the books that prohibited women from boarding spanish navy ships. if that sounds absurd and archaic, that’s because it was, even decades and decades ago. The law dated from 1700, when Charles III ruled Spain and most people did not have indoor plumbing. but the research ships of the Spanish institute of oceanography were navy ships. and the Spanish institute of oceanography, officially, did not admit women.”
According to the Google Doodle blog, “Ángeles Alvariño’s love for natural history began in his father’s library and deepened as he devoted himself to coastal oceanographic research. Although the Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO) only accepted men at that time, the university work of Ángeles Alvariño impressed the organization that named her a marine biologist in 1952.” She later moved to Britain to continue her research there.
3. Ángeles Alvariño received a Fulbright & she moved to the united states in 1956 to study on cape cod in massachusetts
Ángeles Alvariño received a Fulbright grant that allowed her and her family to move to the United States to continue her research, according to prominent biographies. she worked at the woods hole oceanographic institution on cape cod in massachusetts along with fellow zooplankton researcher dr. mary sears, who was the president of the us. oceanographic congress, according to her biography.
After his work there, he transferred to the scripps institution of oceanography in california at the university of san diego, according to the smithsonian. Kalila Morsink wrote in her article on Ángeles Alvariño on the museum’s website, “discovered which species of zooplankton could act as indicators of water temperature, and studied the distribution of plankton in the oceans and how they were affected by ocean currents. , pollution and ship movements.”
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morsink added: “after leaving scripps, he did research in antarctica, taught in mexico, and held positions at a multitude of institutions, from the u.s. uu. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) at the University of San Diego. he didn’t retire until he was 71, and even after he retired he continued to go on research trips.”
4. maria de los angeles alvariño gonzález discovered 22 new species of marine biology during his career & he published over 100 books & articles
according to the google doodle blog, “in addition to the rigorous research of Ángeles alvariño, including the discovery of 22 new species of zooplankton and the publication of more than 100 scientific articles, she held professorships in brazil, the united states and mexico.”
has two species of plankton named after it, the aidanosagitta alvarinoae, a chaetognath, and the lizzia alvarinoae, a hydromedusa. The Smithsonian writes, “Throughout his life, Alvariño discovered 22 new species of plankton. their names, like the latin names, have stories behind them, ranging from the siphonophore lensia eugenioi, namesake of alvariño’s husband eugenio, to the arrow worm pseudosagitta scrippsae, which shares its name with the california oceanographic institution where he worked for more than a decade.”
The site adds, “As it is frowned upon in the scientific world, Alvariño did not name any of the species he discovered with his name. it was up to later scientists to name aidanosagitta alvarinoae and lizzia alvarinoae after him.”
5. Ángeles Alvariño, who died in 2005, is honored as the namesake of a ship from the Spanish Institute of Oceanography
maria de los angeles alvariño gonzález passed away on may 29, 2005 in la jolla, california. According to the Smithsonian, “she had just finished writing a book on an oceanographic expedition of the late 1700s when she died in 2005.”
In 2012, a ship from the Spanish oceanographic research institute was launched, bearing the name “Ángeles Alvariño” in his honour. The ship was launched from the port of Vigo, Spain, with her daughter participating in the ceremony, according to the IEO.
Google added on its doodle blog: “Today, Ángeles Alvariño is the only Spanish scientist out of 1,000 in the ‘encyclopedia of world scientists’. happy birthday, dr. Maria de los Angeles Alvariño Gonzalez!”
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