Table of contents for Backpack literature : an introduction to fiction, poetry, and drama / X.J. Kennedy Dana Gioia.
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ContentsPrefaceFiction 11.Reading a Story 3Fable, Parable, and Tale 4W. Somerset Maugham, The Appointment in Samarra 4Aesop, The Fox and the Grapes 5Chuang Tzu, Independence 6Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm, Godfather Death 8Plot 11The Short Story 13John Updike, A & P 15Writing Critically 21What”s The Plot? 21Writing Assignment 22Further Suggestions For Writing 222.Point of View 23William Faulkner, A Rose for Emily 30Edgar Allan Poe, The Tell-Tale Heart 39Writing Critically 44How Point of View Shapes a Story 44Writing Assignment 44Further Suggestions for Writing 453.Character 46Katherine Anne Porter, The Jilting of Granny Weatherall 50Alice Walker, Everyday Use 59Raymond Carver, Cathedral 68Writing Critically 82How Character Creates Action 82Writing Assignment 82Further Suggestions for Writing 824.Setting 84Kate Chopin, The Storm 87T. Coraghessan Boyle, Greasy Lake 92Amy Tan, A Pair of Tickets 102Writing Critically 120How Time and Place Set a Story 120Writing Assignment 120Further Suggestions for Writing 1215.Tone and Style 122Ernest Hemingway, A Clean, Well-Lighted Place 127William Faulkner, Barn Burning 132Irony 147Ha Jin, Saboteur 149Writing Critically 159Be Style Conscious 159Writing Assignment 160Further Suggestions for Writing 1606.Theme 162Chinua Achebe, Dead Men”s Path 165Luke 15: 11-32, The Parable of the Prodigal Son 168Charlotte Perkins Gilman, The Yellow Wallpaper 170Writing Critically 184Stating the Theme 184Writing Assignment 185Further Suggestions for Writing 1857.Symbol 186John Steinbeck, The Chrysanthemums 189Shirley Jackson, The Lottery 199Ursula K. Le Guin, The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas 207Writing Critically 214Recognizing Symbols 214Writing Assignment 215Further Suggestions For Writing 2158.Stories for Further Reading 216Margaret Atwood, Happy Endings 216Kate Chopin, The Story of an Hour 220Sandra Cisneros, House on Mango Street 223Nathaniel Hawthorne, Young Goodman Brown 225Zora Neale Hurston, Sweat 237James Joyce, Araby 249Franz Kafka, Before the Law 255Jamaica Kincaid, Girl 257Joyce Carol Oates, Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been? 259Tim O”Brien, The Things They Carried 274Flannery O”Connor, A Good Man Is Hard to Find 290Poetry 3059.Reading a Poem 308William Butler Yeats, The Lake Isle of Innisfree 310Lyric Poetry 313D. H. Lawrence, Piano 314Adrienne Rich, Aunt Jennifer”s Tigers 314Narrative Poetry 315Anonymous, Sir Patrick Spence 315Robert Frost, “Out, Out-” 317Dramatic Poetry 318Robert Browning, My Last Duchess 319Writing Critically 321Can a Poem be Paraphrased? 321William Stafford, Ask Me 322William Stafford, A Paraphrase of “Ask Me” 322Writing Assignment 32310.Listening to a Voice 324Tone 324Theodore Roethke, My Papa”s Waltz 324Countee Cullen, For a Lady I Know 326Anne Bradstreet, The Author to Her Book 326Walt Whitman, To a khudothi-kingbay.comomotive in Winter 327Emily Dickinson, I like to see it lap the Miles 328Benjamin Alire Sçenz, To the Desert 329The Person in the Poem 330Natasha Trethewey, White Lies 330Edwin Arlington Robinson, Luke Havergal 332Ted Hughes, Hawk Roosting 333William Wordsworth, I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud 334Dorothy Wordsworth, Journal Entry 335Langston Hughes, Theme for English B 336Anne Stevenson, Sous-Entendu 337Francisco X. Alarcùn, The X in My Name 338William Carlos Williams, The Red Wheelbarrow 339Irony 339Robert Creeley, Oh No 340W. H. Auden, The Unknown Citizen 341Sharon Olds, Rites of Passage 342Sarah N. Cleghorn, The Golf Links 343Wilfred Owen, Dulce et Decorum Est 344Rhina Espaillat, Bilingual / Bilinge 345Thomas Hardy, The Workbox 346Writing Critically 347Paying Attention to the Obvious 347Writing Assignment 347Further Suggestions for Writing 34811.Words 349Literal Meaning: What a Poem Says First 349William Carlos Williams, This Is Just to Say 350Robert Graves, Down, Wanton, Down! 351John Donne, Batter my heart, three-personed God, for You 352The Value of a Dictionary 353J. V. Cunningham, Friend, on this scaffold Thomas More lies dead 355Carl Sandburg, Grass 355Word Choice and Word Order 356Robert Herrick, Upon Julia”s Clothes 358Kay Ryan, Blandeur 360Thomas Hardy, The Ruined Maid 361Richard Eberhart, The Fury of Aerial Bombardment 362Wendy Cope, Lonely Hearts 363For Review and Further Study 364E. E. Cummings, anyone lived in a pretty how town 364Anonymous, Carnation Milk 365Lewis Carroll, Jabberwocky 365Writing Critically 367How Much Difference Does a Word Make? 367Writing Assignment 367Further Suggestions for Writing 36712.Saying and Suggesting 368John Masefield, Cargoes 369William Blake, London 370Wallace Stevens, Disillusionment of Ten O”Ckhudothi-kingbay.comk 372Timothy Steele, Epitaph 373Robert Frost, Fire and Ice 373Alfred, Lord Tennyson, Tears, Idle Tears 374Emily Dickinson, Wild Nights – Wild Nights! 374Writing Critically 375The Ways a Poem Suggests 375Writing Assignment 375Further Suggestions for Writing 37513.Imagery 377Ezra Pound, In a Station of the Metro 377Taniguchi Buson, The piercing chill I feel 377T. S. Eliot, The winter evening settles down 379Theodore Roethke, Root Cellar 379Elizabeth Bishop, The Fish 380Charles Simic, Fork 382Gerard Manley Hopkins, Pied Beauty 383About Haiku 383Arakida Moritake, The falling flower 383Matsuo Basho, Heat-lightning streak 384Matsuo Basho, In the old stone pool 384Taniguchi Buson, On the one-ton temple bell 385Taniguchi Buson, I go 385Kobayashi Issa, only one guy 385Kobayashi Issa, Cricket 385Etheridge Knight, Lee Gurga, Penny Harter, Jennifer Brutschy, A Selection of Haiku 385For Review and Further Study 386John Keats, Bright star! would I were steadfast as thou art 386T. E. Hulme, Image 386Robert Bly, Driving to Town Late to Mail a Letter 387Stevie Smith, Not Waving but Drowning 387Writing Critically 387Analyzing Images 387Writing Assignment 388Further Suggestions for Writing 38814.Figures of Speech 389Why Speak Figuratively? 389Alfred, Lord Tennyson, The Eagle 390William Shakespeare, Shall I compare thee to a summer”s day? 390Howard Moss, Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer”s Day? 391Metaphor and Simile 392Alfred, Lord Tennyson, Flower in the Crannied Wall 393William Blake, To see a world in a grain of sand 394Sylvia Plath, Metaphors 394N. Scott Momaday, Simile 395Other Figures 396James Stephens, The Wind 397Margaret Atwood, You fit into me 399John Ashbery, The Cathedral Is 399For Review and Further Study 399Denise Levertov, Leaving Forever 399Jane Kenyon, The Suitor 400Robert Frost, The Secret Sits 400A.
R. Ammons, Coward 401Writing Critically 401How Metaphors Enlarge a Poem”s Meaning 401Writing Assignment 402Further Suggestions for Writing 40215.Sound 403Sound as Meaning 403Alexander Pope, True Ease in Writing comes from Art, not Chance 404William Butler Yeats, Who Goes with Fergus? 406John Updike, Recital 407Alliteration and Assonance 407A. E. Housman, Eight O”Ckhudothi-kingbay.comk 408Robert Herrick, Upon Julia”s Voice 409Alfred, Lord Tennyson, The splendor falls on castle walls 409Rime 410William Cole, On my boat on Lake Cayuga 411Hilaire Belkhudothi-kingbay.com, The Hippopotamus 413Gerard Manley Hopkins, God”s Grandeur 414Reading and Hearing Poems Aloud 415Michael Stillman, In Memoriam John Coltrane 416William Shakespeare, Full fathom five thy father lies 416Writing Critically 417Is it Possible to Write about Sound? 414Writing Assignment 417Further Suggestions for Writing 41716.Rhythm 418Stresses and Pauses 418Gwendolyn Brooks, We Real Cool 423Alfred, Lord Tennyson, Break, Break, Break 423Meter 424Max Beerbohm, On the imprint of the first English edition of The Works of Max Beerbohm 424Edna St. Vincent Millay, Counting-out Rhyme 430A. E. Housman, When I was one-and-twenty 430Walt Whitman, Beat! Beat! Drums! 431David Mason, Song of the Powers 432Writing Critically 433Freeze-Framing the Sound 433Writing Assignment 433Further Suggestions for Writing 43317.Closed Form 435Formal Patterns 436John Keats, This living hand, now warm and capable 437Robert Graves, Counting the Beats 439Ballads 440Anonymous, Bonny Barbara Allan 440Dudley Randall, Ballad of Birmingham 443The Sonnet 444William Shakespeare, Let me not to the marriage of true minds 445Edna St. Vincent Millay, What lips my lips have kissed, and where, and why 445Robert Frost, Acquainted with the Night 446Claude McKay, America 447Kim Addonizio, First Poem for You 447R. S. Gwynn, Scenes from the Playroom 448Other Forms 448Dylan Thomas, Do not go gentle into that good night 449Robert Bridges, Triolet 450Elizabeth Bishop, Sestina 450Writing Critically 451Turning Points 451Writing Assignment 452Further Suggestions for Writing 45218.Open Form 453Denise Levertov, Ancient Stairway 453E. E. Cummings, Buffalo Bill “s 457W. S. Merwin, For the Anniversary of My Death 457Stephen Crane, The Heart 458Walt Whitman, Cavalry Crossing a Ford 458Ezra Pound, The Garret 459Wallace Stevens, Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Blackbird 459Seeing the Logic of Open Form Verse 462E. E. Cummings, in Just- 462Carole Satyamurti, I Shall Paint My Nails Red 463Lorine Niedecker, Popcorn-can cover 463Yusef Komunyakaa, Facing It 464Langston Hughes, I, Too 465Writing Critically 465Lining Up for Free Verse 465Writing Assignment 466Further Suggestions for Writing 46619.Symbol 467T. S. Eliot, The Boston Evening Transcript 468Emily Dickinson, The Lightning is a yellow Fork 469Thomas Hardy, Neutral Tones 471Matthew 13:24-30, The Parable of the Good Seed 472George Herbert, The World 473Robert Frost, The Road Not Taken 474Wallace Stevens, Anecdote of the Jar 475For Review and Further Study 475Robinson Jeffers, The Beaks of Eagles 475Sara Teasdale, The Flight 476Ted Koosor, Carrie 477Writing Critically 477How to Read a Symbol 477Writing Assignment 478Further Suggestions for Writing 47820.Myth and Narrative 479Robert Frost, Nothing Gold Can Stay 481Thomas Hardy, The Oxen 481H. D., Helen 481William Wordsworth, The World Is Too Much with Us 482Archetype 483Louise Bogan, Medusa 484Myth and Popular Culture 485Anne Sexton, Cinderella 486Sylvia Plath, Lady Lazarus 489Writing Critically 492Demystifying Myth 492Writing Assignment 493Further Suggestions for Writing 49321.Poems for Further Reading 494Sherman Alexie, Indian Boy Love Song (#1) 494Anonymous, Lord Randall 495Matthew Arnold, Dover Beach 496W. H. Auden, MusÄe des Beaux Arts 497Elizabeth Bishop, On