A Song of Ice and Fire - A Wiki of Ice and Fire

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A Song of Ice and Fire (commonly abbreviated to asoiaf) is an ongoing series of epic fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R. r. Martin. Martin began writing the series in 1991 and the first volume was published in 1996. Originally planned as a trilogy, the series now consists of five published volumes; two more are planned. additionally, there are three prequel novels currently available, with several more being planned, and a series of novella excerpts from the main Ice and Fire novels.

The story of A Song of Ice and Fire takes place in a fictional world, primarily on a continent called Westeros, but also on a large landmass to the east, known as Essos.[1 ] most of the characters are human, but as the series progresses, others are introduced, such as the cold and menacing supernaturals from the far north and the fire-breathing dragons from the east, which the humans in the story thought were extinct. There are three main storylines in the series: chronicling a dynastic civil war for control of Westeros between several competing families; the growing threat of the others, who dwell beyond an immense wall of ice that forms the northern border of Westeros; and the ambition of Daenerys Targaryen, the exiled daughter of a king who was killed in another civil war fifteen years earlier, to return to Westeros and reclaim her rightful throne. as the series progresses, the three story lines become increasingly intertwined and dependent on one another.

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The series is told in the third person through the eyes of various characters from the point of view. by the end of the fourth volume, there have been seventeen such characters with multiple chapters, and eight that only have one chapter each. at the end of the fifth volume various characters are introduced with new points of view, setting the stage for the main events of the sixth novel.

backstory

A Song of Ice and Fire is set primarily in the fictional seven kingdoms of Westeros, a large continent the size of South America with an ancient history stretching back some twelve thousand years. A detailed history reveals how seven kingdoms came to dominate this continent, and then how these seven nations were united as one by Aegon the Conqueror, of House Targaryen. Some 283 years after Aegon’s conquest, the Targaryens are overthrown in a civil war and King Robert I Baratheon, backed primarily by his friend Lord Eddard Stark and his adoptive father Lord Jon Arryn, seizes the Iron Throne. . The novels, which begin fifteen years later, follow the aftermath of this event through three main stories, set not only in Westeros but also on the Eastern Continent.

The first story, set in the seven kingdoms themselves, chronicles a multifaceted struggle for the Iron Throne that unfolds after the death of King Robert. The throne is claimed by his son Joffrey, supported by his mother’s powerful family, House Lannister. However, Lord Eddard Stark, King Robert’s hand, discovers that Robert’s sons are illegitimate and therefore the throne must go to the second of the three Baratheon brothers, Stannis. The charismatic and popular younger brother, Renly, also makes a claim, openly disregarding the order of precedence, with the support of the powerful House Tyrell. As suitors battle for the Iron Throne, Robb Stark, Lord Eddard Stark’s heir, is proclaimed King in the North as the Northmen and their allies in the Riverlands seek a return to self-rule. Similarly, Balon Greyjoy also (re-)claims the former throne of his own region, the Iron Islands, with a view to independence. this call war of the five kings is the main argument of the first four novels; In fact, the fourth novel is primarily concerned with the recovery of Westeros heading into the coming winter and the political machinations of those who seek to win in its aftermath. In the aftermath of the war, four of the five self-proclaimed kings were killed, leaving Stannis as the sole survivor. The Iron Throne is currently held by Tommen Baratheon, supposedly Robert’s son, but also illegitimate. His former Regent, Cersei Lannister, has been deposed and imprisoned in King’s Landing for the Faith. Stannis and his army, having garnered little support from the great houses of Westeros, are currently at the wall, far to the north, where Stannis seeks to protect the kingdom from the threat of invasion while at the same time currying favor with the fortresses. from North.

The second story takes place in the far north of Westeros. Here, many thousands of years ago, a massive wall of ice and gravel was built with magic and labor to defend Westeros from the threat of the others, a race of now-mythical creatures that live in the far north. This wall, 300 miles long, 700 feet high, is defended and maintained by the sworn brotherhood of the Night’s Watch, whose duty it is to protect the realm from others. by the time of the novels, the others have not seen each other in over 8,000 years, and the night watch has essentially become a penal colony: it is far short of the force, manned mostly by criminals and refugees, with only a few few knights or men of honor to toughen them up, and he spends most of his time dealing with the “wild” humans or “free people” who live beyond the wall. This story is told primarily through the eyes of Jon Snow, bastard son of Lord Eddard Stark, as he rises through the ranks of the Watch, discovers the true nature of the threat from the North, and prepares to defend the realm. even though the people of westeros are too busy at war to send support. by the end of the third volume, this story is somewhat entangled with the southern civil war.

The third story is set on the vast eastern continent of Essos, across the Narrow Sea, and follows the adventures of Daenerys Targaryen, the last scion of House Targaryen in exile and another claimant to the Iron Throne. Daenerys’s adventures showcase her growing ability as she rises from a poor sellout to a dynastic marriage to a barbarian warlord to a powerful and cunning ruler in her own right. her rise is aided by the birth of three dragons, creatures long thought extinct, from fossilized eggs given to her as wedding gifts. because the standard of her family is the dragon, these creatures have symbolic value before they have grown large enough to be of tactical use. although her story is separated from the others by many thousands of miles, her stated goal is to reclaim the iron throne.

The song of ice and fire is mentioned only once in the series, in a vision Daenerys sees in Clash of Kings: “he is the prince that was promised, and his is the a song of ice and fire”, said by a targaryen (probably daenerys’s dead older brother, rhaegar targaryen) about his young son named aegon. It is implied that there is a connection between the song, the promise, and Daenerys herself. This is most clearly established in A Feast of Ravens, when Aemon Targaryen identifies Daenerys as the promised heiress. The phrase “ice and fire” is also mentioned in the reeds’ oath of allegiance to Bran in A Clash of Kings. however, the song and the promise are never mentioned again, and the song itself remains a mystery.

novel themes

The books are known for complex characters, sudden and often violent plot twists, and political intrigue. in a genre where magic often takes center stage, this series has a reputation for its limited and subtle use of magic, employing it as an ambiguous and often sinister background force.[2] finally, the novels do not (currently) focus on a climactic clash between “good” and “evil”; plots have mostly revolved around political infighting and civil war, with only one or two story arcs suggesting the possibility of an external threat.

the novels are narrated from a very strict third person limited omniscient perspective, the chapters alternate between different points of view of the characters. Martin’s treatment of his characters makes them extremely difficult to classify: very few can be labeled “good” or “bad.” the author also has a reputation for not being afraid to kill off any character, no matter how important.

concept and creation

background and origins

martin had a great passion for miniature knights and medieval history, but his early novels and short stories mostly fit into the science fiction and horror genres; however, he eventually featured several fantasy stories, such as The Ice Dragon, which he later turned into a children’s picture book by the same name.[3] In the mid-1980s, Martin worked primarily in Hollywood, primarily as a writer or producer on The New Twilight Zone and Beauty and the Beast. After Beauty and the Beast ended in 1989, Martin returned to writing prose and began work on a science fiction novel called Avalon. In 1991, while struggling with this story, Martin conceived a scene in which several young men find a dead direwolf with a deer antler at its throat. the direwolf has given birth to several pups, which are then taken by the young to raise as their own. Martin’s imagination was fired with this idea, and he eventually developed this scene into an epic fantasy story, which he first conceived as a trilogy consisting of the novels A Game of Thrones, A Dance with dragons and the winds of winter. Martin had apparently not previously been inspired by the genre, but reading Tad Williams’s Memory, Pain and Thorns series convinced him that he could be approached in a more adult and mature way than the that previous authors had attempted.

After a long hiatus writing and producing a television pilot for a sci-fi series he had created called doorways, martin resumed work in 1994 on a game of thrones i> and completed it the following year, although he was only halfway through his initial plan for the first novel. As a result, over time, Martin eventually expanded his plan for the series to include four books, then six, and finally seven, as the story “grew in narrative,” he said, quoting epic fantasy master J.R.R. Tolkien’s publication of A Game of Thrones followed in 1996. In the UK, the book was the subject of a fierce bidding war, eventually won by HarperCollins for £450,000.[4] Pre-release publicity included the publication of a “sample novel” called The Blood of the Dragon, which won the 1997 Hugo Award for Best Novel. to fit a game of thrones into one volume, martin took out the last quarter of the book and made it the opening section of the second book, 1998’s clash of kings .i>. In May 2005, Martin noted that his manuscript for A Game of Thrones was 1088 pages long without the appendices, and A Clash of Kings was even longer at 1184 pages.[ 5 ]

historical influences

Numerous parallels have been seen between the events and characters in A Song of Ice and Fire and the events and people involved in the War of the Roses. Two of the main families in A Song of Ice and Fire, the Starks and the Lannisters, represent the historic House of York and the House of Lancaster, respectively.

A similar conflict inspired by reality is the succession struggle called the Dance of the Dragons between two children, Aegon II and Rhaenyra. An historical struggle (called Anarchy) between Empress Matilda, daughter of Henry I of England, and her cousin Stephen of Blois provides the inspiration. each daughter is heralded as her father’s successor, but due to different reasons, male rivals take the crown and are anointed as rulers. During the dynastic struggle, the rival claimants are deposed and succeeded by the son (Aegon III Targaryen and Henry II of England respectively) of the original designated heir. Neither Empress Matilda nor Rhaenyra ruled in her own name.

martin is an avid student of medieval europe and has said that the wars of the roses, along with many other events in europe during that time, have influenced the series. however, he insists that “there isn’t really a one-on-one, character-by-character correspondence. I like to use the story to spice up my fantasy, to add texture and verisimilitude, but just rewriting the story with the names changed doesn’t appeal to me.” “. I prefer to reimagine everything and take it in new and unexpected directions.” [6]

martin has also said that the crusades against the Albigensians are an influence for the series.

literary influences

Content-wise, there are some major differences between the series and much of the high fantasy genre, but its structure has much in common with The Lord of the Rings. Martin states: “Although I differ from Tolkien in important ways, I am second to none in my respect for him. If you watch The Lord of the Rings, it starts with a narrow focus and all the characters are together. Then by the end of the first book, the community it splits up and they have different adventures. i did the same. they are all in winterfell at first except dany, then they split into groups and eventually those split up too. the intention was to fan out, then curve and come back together. find the point where that turn begins has been one of the issues I’ve struggled with.”[7] martin has acknowledged his debt to the works of j.r.r. Tolkien,[8] Jack Vance[9] and Tad Williams,[10] but the series differs from Tolkien’s inspiration in its greater use of realistic elements. While Tolkien drew inspiration from mythology, A Song of Ice and Fire is more clearly influenced by medieval and early modern history, most notably Jacobitism and the Wars of the Roses.[11] Similarly, while Tolkien tended toward romantic relationships, Martin writes frankly about sex, including incest, adultery, prostitution, and rape. as a result, illegitimate children play a prominent role throughout the series. this has led to the series being cited as a precursor to a new ‘raw’ wave of epic fantasy authors that followed, including scott lynch[12] and joe abercrombie.[13] On his website, Martin has credited historical fiction authors such as Bernard Cornwell and George Macdonald Fraser as influences on the series. Martin has cited the blurb on Robert Jordan’s cover of the first book as influential in ensuring the series’ initial success with fantasy readers.[14]

post history

summary

Originally planned as a trilogy, the series now consists of five published volumes:

game of thrones (1996)
a clash of kings (1998)
a storm of swords (2000): in some countries, published in two volumes: 1) steel and snow, 2) blood and gold.
a feast for crows ( 2005)
a dance with dragons (2011): in some countries, published in two volumes: 1) dreams and dust, 2) after the party.

the remaining two novels are tentatively titled:

the winds of winter
a dream of spring (formerly known as time of wolves )

In addition, there are also three prequel novels, set in the same world, approximately 90 years before the main events, commonly known as “the dunk and egg stories” for their main protagonists:

the errant knight (1998)
the sworn sword (2003)
the mysterious knight (2010)

The Errant Knight is also available as a graphic novel from the Dabel Brothers Productions; an adaptation of the sworn sword is coming soon from the same company. the author has said that he would like to write several of these stories (which vary from six to twelve from one interview to another) that cover the complete lives of these two characters. In addition, a collection was published in 2015 containing the first three dunk and egg novels published, called A Knight of the Seven Kingdoms.

In addition, there are also three novels based on chapter sets from the books, previously in collected form in other media.

blood of the dragon (asimov, july 1996) based on the daenerys chapters of game of thrones. received the hugo award for best novel in 1997.
path of the dragon (by asimov, december 2000) based on the daenerys chapters from a storm of swords.
arms of the kraken (dragon issue 305, August 2002) based on the iron islands chapters of a feast for crows i>.

In addition, Martin has published a “History Compendium,” a companion book to the main series, and has announced a second and third.

the world of ice & fire (2014)
fire and blood, to be published in two volumes, with the first expected in late 2018 or early 2019

first three novels (1991-2000)

jorge r. r. Martin was already a successful science fiction and fantasy author and television writer before writing his A Song of Ice and Fire series of books.[15] Martin published his first short story in 1971 and his first novel in 1977. [16] By the mid-1990s, he had won three Hugo Awards, two Nebula Awards, and other awards for his short fiction.[17] Although his early books were well received within the fantasy fiction community, his readership remained relatively small and Martin landed writing jobs in Hollywood in the mid-1980s. [17] He primarily worked on the revival of The Twilight Zone throughout 1986 and Beauty and the Beast from 1987 to 1990, but also developed his own television pilots and wrote feature film scripts. increasingly frustrated that none of his pilots and scripts were being made,[17] he was also growing weary of television-related production constraints such as budgets and episode lengths, which often forced him to cut characters and cut out battle scenes.[18] this pushed martin back to writing books, his first love, where he didn’t have to worry about compromising the extent of his imagination.[17] admiring the works of j. r. r. tolkien in his childhood, he wanted to write an epic fantasy but had no specific ideas.[19]

While Martin was between Hollywood projects in the summer of 1991, he began writing a new science fiction novel called Avalon. after three chapters, he had a vivid idea of a boy who sees a man beheaded and finds direwolves in the snow, which would eventually become the first chapter without a prologue of a game of thrones .[twenty] Putting avalon aside, Martin finished this chapter in a few days and became convinced that it was part of a larger story.[21] After a few more chapters, Martin perceived his new book as a fantasy story[21] and began making maps and genealogies.[15] however, the writing of this book was interrupted for a few years when martin returned to hollywood to produce his television series doorways which abc had commissioned but ultimately never aired.[18]

martin resumed his work on game of thrones in 1994, selling the novel as part of a trilogy to his agent,[18] with the novels a dance with dragons and the following winter winds.[22] soon after, while he was still writing the novel, he felt the series should be four and eventually six books,[18] envisioned as two linked trilogies of one long story.[23] Martin, who likes ambiguous fictional titles because he feels they enrich the writing, chose A Song of Ice and Fire as the overall title for the series: Martin saw the fight between the other cold ones and the dragons. fiery as a possible meaning “ice and fire”, while the word “song” had previously appeared in the titles of martin’s books a song for lya and songs of dead men , stemming from his obsessions with songs.[24]

The finished manuscript of Game of Thrones was 1,088 pages long (without appendices),[25] with subsequent publication in August 1996.[26] The Wheel of Time author Robert Jordan had written a brief endorsement for the cover that was instrumental in ensuring the initial success of the book, and thus the series, among fantasy readers. [27] Released for pre-release publicity, a sample novel called Blood of the Dragon won the 1997 Hugo Award for Best Novel.[28]

The second book called Clash of Kings was released in February 1999 in the United States,[29] with a manuscript extension (without appendices) of 1184 pages.[25] Clash of Kings was the first book in the ice and fire series to appear on bestseller lists,[18] peaking at number 13 on the new york times 1999 best-seller list.[30] After the success of the Lord of the Rings film series, Martin received his first inquiries about the rights to the Ice and Fire series from various producers and filmmakers.[18] ]

martin was several months late in delivering the third book, a storm of swords.[17] the last chapter he had written was on the “red wedding”, a scene notable for its violence for two-thirds of the book (see topics: violence and death).[31] A Storm of Swords was 1,521 manuscript pages long (without appendices),[25] causing problems for many of Martin’s publishers around the world. Bantam Books published A Storm of Swords in a single volume in the United States in November 2000,[32] while some editions in other languages were split into two, three, or even four volumes.[25] ] A Storm of Swords debuted at number 12 on the new york times bestseller list.[28][33]

bridging the gap in the timeline (2000-2011)

after a game of thrones, a clash of kings and a storm of swords, martin originally intended to write three books plus. [17] the fourth book, tentatively titled a dance with dragons , would focus on daenerys targaryen’s return to westeros and the conflicts she generates.[23] martin wanted to set this story five years after a storm of swords so that the younger characters could get older and the dragons get bigger.[34] Agreeing with his publishers early on that the new book should be shorter than A Storm of Swords, Martin set out to write the closest novel to A Clash of Kings. .[25] A long prologue would establish what had happened in the meantime, initially only as a chapter of wet-haired aeron on the iron islands at kingsmoot. since the events in dorne and the iron isles were going to have an impact on the book, martin eventually expanded the kingsmoot events to tell them from three new points of view, since the existing point of view characters were not present in dorne and the iron islands.[35]

In 2001, Martin was still optimistic that the fourth installment could be released in the last quarter of 2002.[24] however, the five-year gap did not work out for all the characters during writing. For one thing, Martin was not satisfied with covering the events during the rift solely through flashbacks and internal hindsight. on the other hand, it was unlikely that nothing would happen for five years.[34] After working on the book for about a year, Martin realized that he needed an additional middle book, which he called A Feast for Crows.[34] The book would pick up the story immediately after the third book, and Martin dismissed the idea of a five-year gap.[24] The 250-page prologue material for the beginning of A Feast for Crows was mixed in with new characters from the point of view of Dorne and the Iron Islands.[35] As these expanded stories affected the others, the plot became much more complicated for Martin.[36]

The manuscript length of A Feast for Crows eventually surpassed A Storm of Swords.[34] Martin was reluctant to make the deep cuts necessary to bring the book to publishable length, as that would have compromised the story he had in mind. printing the book in “microtype on onionskin paper and giving each reader a magnifying glass” was also not an option for him.[25] On the other hand, Martin rejected the editors’ idea of dividing the narrative chronologically into A Feast for Crows, Parts One and Two.[37] being late with the book, martin hadn’t even started writing all the characters’ stories[38] and also objected to finishing the first book without any resolution for its many character viewpoints and their respective stories as in earlier books.[34]

since the characters were spread all over the world,[22] a friend of martin suggested dividing the story geographically into two volumes, of which a feast for crows would be the first.[37] ] dividing the story in this way would give martin the space to complete the story arcs he had started as he had originally envisioned,[25] which he still felt was the best approach years later.[22] martin moved the characters’ unfinished stories set in the east (essos) and north (winterfell and the wall) to the next book, a dance with dragons,[39] and left a party for Ravens to cover the events in Westeros, King’s Landing, the Riverlands, Dorne, and the Iron Isles.[25] both books pick up immediately after the a storm of swords ending,[22] running in parallel rather than sequentially and involving different casts of characters with very little overlap.[25] martin split the arya chapters in both books after moving the other three most popular characters (jon snow, tyrion and daenerys) to a dance with dragons.[39]

Following its release in October 2005 in the UK[40] and November 2005 in the US[41], A Feast for Crows went straight to the top of the new york times best sellers list.[42] Among the positive critics was Lev Grossman of Time, who dubbed Martin “the American Tolkien”.[43] however, fans and critics alike were disappointed with the story split that left the fates of several popular characters unresolved after the previous book’s cliffhanger ending. With A Dance With Dragons said to be half finished,[44] Martin mentioned in the afterword of A Feast for Crows that the next volume would be released next year .[46] however, planned release dates were repeatedly pushed back. Meanwhile, HBO acquired the rights to turn ice and fire into a drama series in 2007[47] and aired the first of ten episodes covering a game of thrones in April of 2011. [48]

At around 1,600 manuscript pages in length,[49] a dance with dragons was finally published in July 2011 after six years of writing,[18] longer in number of pages and writing time than any of the previous four novels.[15][44] the story of a dance with dragons catches up with a feast for crows about two-thirds of the way through the book, going beyond the feast, [38] but it covered less story than Martin intended, omitting at least one major planned battle sequence and leaving several character threads ending in cliffhangers. Martin attributed the delay primarily to him untangling “the Meereen knot,” which the interviewer understood as “making the chronology and characters tangle as various threads converged on [daenerys].”[45] Martin also acknowledged spending too much time rewriting and refining the story, but flatly rejected his more outlandish critics’ theories that he had either lost interest in the series or bided his time to make more money.[44]

planned and future novels

The sixth book will be called The Winds of Winter,[50] taking the title from the originally planned fifth book.[23] By June 2010, Martin had finished four chapters of Winds of Winter from the points of view of Sansa Stark, Arya Stark, and Arianne Martell.[50] in mid-2011, she also moved a finished chapter of aeron damphair pov from the then-unreleased a dance with dragons to the next book.[51] with the publication of a dance of dragons, about 100 pages of the winds of winter were completed.[52] after a book tour and several conventions, she intended to continue her work on the long-awaited the world of ice & fire about the history and genealogy of westeros, which he wanted to have finished by the end of 2011. he also intended to work on a new novel tales of dunk and egg which was to appear in an anthology called Dangerous Women, but in January 2013 it was announced that that story was delayed and instead replaced with “The Princess and the Queen”, an account of the events leading up to and through the dance of the dragons.[52][53] Having posted a sample chapter of Theon Greyjoy POV on her website in December 2011, Martin promised to release a second chapter in the back of A Dance With Dragons paperback.[ 54]

martin hopes to finish the winds of winter much faster than the fifth book.[44] Having gotten into trouble with fans for repeatedly estimating his publication dates too optimistically, Martin refrains from making absolute estimates for Book Six. a realistic estimate to finish The Winds of Winter might be three years for him at a good pace,[49] but ultimately the book “will be done when it’s done”.[22] Martin does not intend to geographically separate the characters again, but acknowledged that “three years from [2011] when I’m sitting on 1,800 pages of manuscript with no end in sight, who the hell knows.”[19]

Unhappy with the working title A Time of Wolves for the final volume, Martin finally announced A Dream of Spring as the title of the seventh book in 2006.[55 ] Martin is adamant about ending the series with the seventh novel “until I decide not to be adamant”,[15] leaving open the possibility of an eighth book to end the series.[22] with his goal of telling the story from start to finish, he will not truncate the story to fit into an arbitrary number of volumes.[56] Martin is confident that he had the remaining books published before the TV series overtakes him,[19] although he did tell the two main Game of Thrones producers of the main plot points in case they died.[19] (62 years old in 2011, Martin is in good health by all reports).[57] however, Martin stated that he would not allow another writer to finish the series.[44] he knows the ending in broad strokes, as well as the future of the main characters, [19] which will have bittersweet elements in which not everyone will live happily ever after [28]. Martin hopes to write a Lord of the Rings-like ending which he felt gave the story a satisfying depth and resonance. on the other hand, martin noted the challenge of avoiding a situation like the finale of lost, which left fans disappointed by deviating from their own theories and desires.[22]

martin does not rule out additional stories set in westeros after the last book, although it is unlikely that he will continue in that vein immediately.[58] it’s pretty clear about returning to the world of westeros only in the context of stand-alone novels.[35] Having created a huge world in such detail, Martin sees the possibility of telling more stories there. but instead of a direct sequel to A Song of Ice and Fire, he would write stories about characters from other periods of history.[59] he also wants to finish the dunk and egg project.[35] he will see if his audience follows him after posting his next project. he would love to return to writing short stories, novellas, novelettes, and stand-alone novels in various genres such as science fiction, horror, fantasy, or even a murder mystery.[21][27] Considering A Song of Ice and Fire as his magnum opus, Martin is certain that he will never write anything on the scale of this series again.[35]

reception

The series has been placed as the number 1 ranked series on the internet book list since a review of the ranking system in October 2005.[60] In addition, the individual books have won several awards:

game of thrones (1996) – locus award winner, nebula and world fantasy award nominees, 1997.
a clash of kings (1998) – locus award winner, nominee Nebula Award, 1999.
A Storm of Swords (2000) – Locus Award Winner, Hugo and Nebula Award Nominee, 2001.
A Feast for Crows (2005 ) – hugo, locus and british fantasy award nominee, 2006.
a dance with dragons (2011) – locus award winner, hugo award nominee, 2012.

derivative works

The series is the basis for a number of spin-off works, including the HBO TV series Game of Thrones, a card game, a board game, an RPG, and two video games in development. It has also inspired various musicians and an upcoming Game of Thrones parody.

pronunciation of names

unlike j. r. r. Tolkien, who provided detailed instructions for the pronunciation of Middle-earth languages, Martin did not provide a canonical way of pronouncing Westerosi names, stating that “you can pronounce it any way you like.” [61] however, it is possible to establish some guidelines.

references

This page uses content from wikipedia in English. the original content was in a song of ice and fire. The list of authors can be seen on the story page of A Song of Ice and Fire. As with a wiki of ice and fire, Wikipedia content is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike license.

Other content

A Song of Ice and Fire – A Wiki of Ice and Fire